The growth and yield of five genotypes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the lowland of West Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract

Sunflower plants have many benefits as food, especially for vegetable oil. The development of sunflower cultivation in Indonesia has not been optimal, especially in sunflower production. Increasing production requires superior seeds. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct field tests to know the growth and yield of sunflower plants in the lowlands before plant assembly. The objective of this study was to determine the growth and yield of five adaptive sunflower genotypes. The research was conducted in July - September 2022 in Pauh Sub-district, Padang City, West Sumatra Province The plant genotypes were Ha1, Ha15, HU1, HU2, and HU3. The observed variables were plant height, stem diameter, flowering age, main flower diameter, the weight of 100 seeds, and the percentage of empty seeds. The research used a Completely Randomized Block Design and data analysis was by analysis of variance and if the F test on the analysis of variance shows a significant effect, then it is continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5%The results showed that the genotypes had a significant effect on the variables of plant height, stem diameter, main flower diameter, and weight of 100 seeds. According to the observed variable, HU3, Ha1, and HU1 were more adaptive in lowlands than others.