The Great PV Cephei Outflow: A Case Study in Outflow‐Cloud Interaction

Abstract

We present a set of detailed molecular-line maps of the region associated with the giant Herbig-Haro flow HH 315 from the young star PV Cephei, aimed at studying the outflow-cloud interaction. Our study clearly shows that the HH 315 flow is affecting the kinematics of its surrounding medium and has been able to redistribute considerable amounts of the surrounding medium-density (~103 cm-3) gas in its star-forming core as well at parsec-scale distances from the source. The single-dish observations include a map of the outflow in the 12CO (2-1) line, with a beam size of 27'', and more extended maps of the outflow region in the 12CO (1-0) and 13CO (1-0) lines, with 45'' and 47'' beam sizes, respectively. A companion paper published in this issue presents higher resolution (IRAM 30 m) observations and discusses their implications. The giant molecular outflow HH 315 is a highly asymmetric bipolar flow with a projected linear extent of about 2 pc. Our results indicate that the two outflow lobes are each interacting with the ambient medium in different ways. The southern (redshifted) lobe, with a mass of 1.8 M☉, interacts with a dense ambient medium, very close to the young stellar outflow source, and its kinetic energy is comparable to both the turbulent and gravitational binding energy of its host cloud (of order 1044 ergs). In addition, we find evidence that the southern lobe is responsible for the creation of a cavity in the 13CO emission. In contrast, the northern (mainly blueshifted) outflow lobe, with a total mass of 4.8 M☉, extends farther from PV Cep and interacts with ambient gas much less dense than the southern lobe. There is very little 13CO emission north of the outflow source, and the only prominent 13CO emission is a shell-like structure coincident with the outer edge of the northern lobe, about 1.2 pc northwest of PV Cep. It appears that the northern lobe of the HH 315 outflow has been able to push aside a substantial fraction of the gas in the area, piling it in a dense shell-like structure at its edges. In addition, we find that about 50% of the gas in the region of the northern lobe has been put into motion by the outflow and that the northern outflow lobe is responsible for a velocity gradient in the ambient gas.