Abstract

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a geographically-challenging, politically-complex, and a relatively large land-locked nation which is located at the heart of the Central-South Asian axis in continental Asia. This chapter traces the history of foreign ‘empires’ in Afghanistan, their subsequent downfall, and the future of the country with respect to new players such as the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation, and the Republic of India. The Soviet Union was the succeeding Superpower which embarked upon the conquest of Afghanistan in the 1970s and was responsible for triggering an ensuing insurgency which morphed into what is known as the Taliban today, and is officially called the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. The United States has pondered a benevolent-minded occupation of Afghanistan in its entirety using its highly-advanced military as an instrument, with former Secretaries Colin Powell and Donald Rumsfeld advocating the possibility of American control of Afghanistan akin to its post-Second World War administration of Japan.

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