Abstract
The genotypic characteristics of the Sapphire genotype (SG) pigs and their hybridization with the вoars Landras (L) and Duroc (D) of 2-breed (SGхL) and 3-breed [(SGxL) xD] hybrids by genes: FABR-H, FABR-D, Ms4r, LEP, ECR, RYR-1 was investigated. In SG animals, the frequency of the ECRGG genotype, which is increased in comparison with 2- and 3- breed hybrids, is 0.41-0.54. Two-breed hybrids are characterized by a higher frequency of the genotype FABP HH (by 0.22-0.27) and FABP dd (by 0.27-0.39) than SG and three-breed. The peculiarity of the 3-breed hybrids (SGxL) xD is the higher frequency of the homozygous genotype Ms4r AA (by 0.24-0.34), and the lower frequency of the heterozygous Mc4r AG (by 0.19-0.43) compared with pure SG and 2-breed hybrids. The polymorphism of the LEP and RYR-1 genes in the compared groups of pigs is mainly represented by the desired genotypes LEPTT (71-75 %) and RYR-1NN (71-86 %). The indices of genetic similarity between the SG and hybrids were determined. The most significant differences were found between 2-breed and 3-breed hybrids (0.7634 ± 0.0613), which can be explained by the presence of blood of the breed D. General homozygosity (GH ) in pigs SG was 24.89 %, in 3-breed hybrids - 14.6 %. The genotypic structure of stress-resistant and stress-sensitive animals and associative connection of genotypes with energy of growth are revealed. Piglets with genotype FABPHH, resistant to stress, during the growing period surpassed their peers with the FABPHh and FABPhh genotypes by an average daily gain of 81-139 g, sensitive to stress by 134 g. Animals with the FABPDD genotype, stress-resistant, had the highest energy of growth (593 g), which was higher than in peers with the homozygous genotype FABP Ddd by 91 g and heterozygous FABP DDd by 157 g. Among the piglets sensitive to stress, individuals with the LEPTT genotype had a higher growth energy of 87 g compared to heterozygous LEPTC. Stress-resistant pigs with the RYRNn genotype outperformed homozygous peers of RYRNN in this indicator by 95 g. Among the carriers of the Mc4r and ECR genotypes, no differences in growth energy of the pigs were detected.
Highlights
Наряду с использованием различных технологических и физиологических методов проблема профилактики отрицательного влияния стрессов может быть решена путём применения традиционных методов селекции и молекулярно-генетических маркёров, связанных с основными хозяйственно полезными признаками
A melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) polymorphism is associated with performance traits in divergently selected large white pig populations // Anim
Н. Полиморфизм гена рецептора E. coli F18 (ECR F18/FUT1) и его влияние на хозяйственно полезные признаки свиней: автореф
Summary
ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СВИНЕЙ РАЗНЫХ ПОРОДНЫХ СОЧЕТАНИЙ И ИХ СВЯЗЬ СО СТРЕССОУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬЮ. Исследована генотипическая характеристика свиней сапфировского генотипа (СГ) и полученных при их скрещивании с хряками ландрас (Л) и дюрок (Д) двухпородных (СГхЛ) и трехпородных (СГхЛ) xD гибридов по генам FABP-H, FABP-D, Mc4r, LEP, ECR, RYR-1. Особенностью трехпородных гибридов (СГхЛ) xD является более высокая частота гомозиготного генотипа Mc4r AA (на 0,24–0,34), и более низкая – гетерозиготного Mc4r AG (на 0,19–0,43) по сравнению с чистопородными СГ и двухпородными гибридами. Животные с генотипом FABPD DD, устойчивые к стрессу, имели самую высокую энергию роста (593 г), что было выше, чем у сверстников с гомозиготным генотипом FABP Ddd, на 91 г и гетерозиготным – FABP DDd – на 157 г. Чувствительных к стрессу, особи с генотипом LEPTT имели на 87 г более высокую энергию роста по сравнению с гетерозиготным LEPTC.
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