The genesis of the ukrainian red dairy breed

Abstract

For further improvement of livestock of the Ukrainian Red Dairy Breed it is important to study the genesis because this kind of cow is breed in many farms. Evaluation of the genesis of the breed was done step by step according to the results of crossing red steppe cattle with Angler’s bulls, Red Danish and Holstein breeds. For the research it has been used methods of retrospective analysis and variation statistics. It has been found that the breeding of the Ukrainian Red Diary Breed was done during five stages which have certain characteristics. During the first stage it was carried accumulation of breeding material using Angler breeders in herds of red steppe cattle. During the second phase of creating the breed it has been received a sufficient number of animals with different proportions of blood by Angler and Danish red breeds. According to the standard target average milk yield of cows of the Ukrainian Red dairy cattle is 4000 kg. The specialty of the third phase of breeding was the use of the gene pool of the Holstein breed as the most dairy productive caw. This helped to create intensive Holstein dairy type of the Ukrainian Red dairy breed. The average productivity of firstborn cows with different proportions of blood in Holstein red spoted breed is 5038–5638 kg of milk with fat in it up to 3.78–3.93%. The fourth step is completed with butterfat intrabreed and holshtynised types of Ukrainian dairy cattle and conducted their testing. At the fifth stage the work of heredity consolidation of newly formed breed is held and continues crossbreeding with Holstein breed bulls red spotted colour to increase milk production. Thus, animals of the Ukrainian Red Dairy Breed are characterized by a high level of productivity. At the farm «Colos 2011» in Mykolaiv region the milk yield of cows during 305 days and the third lactation is over 8565 kg of milk, the quantity of milk fat is 332 kg.