Abstract
The hydroformylation of 1-hexene was catalyzed with active carbon (A.C.)-supported cobalt catalysts under low syngas pressure. Small amount of Pt, Pd and Ru, added as promoters in Co/A.C., led to great improvement of catalytic activity for hydroformylation of 1-hexene. The promotional effect of Ru for Co/A.C. catalyst was the best in this study as the highest activity and selectivity for oxygenate formation. Meanwhile, the activity of 1-hexene hydroformylation increased with increasing Ru loading. In the Ru promoted Co/A.C. catalyst, surface Ru was significantly lower than its bulk content. This kind of unbalanced alloy formation determined the highest performance of Ru promoted Co/A.C. catalyst, via small particles but high reduction degree, keeping more CO in non-dissociative state and lowering surface hydrogen concentration.
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