THE FORMATION OF ELEMENTARY LEGAL KNOWLEDGE AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF A SPECIAL INSTITUTION OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

Abstract

The article highlights the specifics of the formation of elementary legal knowledge among schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities in the conditions of a special secondary education institution, carried out a retrospective analysis of the problems of legal education of children of this category, summarized the results of research by domestic scientists in the field of legal education of children with intellectual disabilities, an analysis of the current program for the “Fundamentals of jurisprudence” course for children with intellectual disabilities was carried out. Scientists have established that more than half of students with intellectual disabilities learn legal material at a low and very low level, and only in isolated cases this level corresponds to sufficient, which indicates insufficient time allocated to the formation of elementary legal knowledge among schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities. With this in mind, we have developed an in-depth curriculum for the “Fundamentals of jurisprudence” course for students of 10th grade of special secondary education institutions. It is designed for 2 lessons per week (70 hours per year) and is aimed at introducing students to the law, its role in society, promoting awareness of the most important legal concepts; the formation of schoolchildren such values as human and citizen rights and freedoms, which form the basis of a democratic legal state and civil society in Ukraine; developing in students with intellectual disabilities the ability to use legal knowledge to realize and protect their rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. The program includes a corrective and developmental component aimed at the development and correction of mental processes (thinking, memory, attention, imagination, perception), emotional and volitional sphere, oral coherent speech, enrichment of active vocabulary, education of independence, activity, respect and love for the Motherland, etc. The in-depth curriculum for the “Fundamentals of jurisprudence” course consists of such parts as “Introduction” (1 hour), “Ukraine is a democratic state” (5 hours), “State power” (9 hours), “Rights, freedoms and obligations human bonds” (11 hours), “Marriage and family” (7 hours), “Labor relations” (8 hours), “Civil-legal relations” (8 hours), “Legal responsibility” (11 hours), “Repetition” (3 hours). According to the program, 7 hours are provided for the systematization and generalization of the studied educational material and the formed subject skills of schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities.