The Folk Devil Reacts: Gangs and Moral Panic

Abstract

Previous analyses of moral panics and gangs have emphasized the impact of media images as well as the public, police, and legislative response in relation to the immediate threat posed by gangs and gang members. What is absent from the current moral panic literature is the effect that a moral panic may have on the group (or individual) to whom it is directed. In this article, survey data from gang-involved and non-gag-involved youth, as well as police and gang task force members, are used to extend the empirical analysis of moral panics into the communities at which they are directed, using the criteria set forth by Goode and Ben-Yehuda (1994). The results suggest that individuals who are closest to gangs estimate the problem of gangs to be as serious as or more serious than those groups who have the responsibility for dealing with them. Thus, the gang moral panic seems to have the power to change how youth in gang-impacted communities conceive and present themselves.