Abstract
Boswellia sacra (Burseraceae), a keystone endemic species, is famous for the production of fragrant oleo-gum resin. However, the genetic make-up especially the genomic information about chloroplast is still unknown. Here, we described for the first time the chloroplast (cp) genome of B. sacra. The complete cp sequence revealed a circular genome of 160,543 bp size with 37.61% GC content. The cp genome is a typical quadripartite chloroplast structure with inverted repeats (IRs 26,763 bp) separated by small single copy (SSC; 18,962 bp) and large single copy (LSC; 88,055 bp) regions. De novo assembly and annotation showed the presence of 114 unique genes with 83 protein-coding regions. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the B. sacra cp genome is closely related to the cp genome of Azadirachta indica and Citrus sinensis, while most of the syntenic differences were found in the non-coding regions. The pairwise distance among 76 shared genes of B. sacra and A. indica was highest for atpA, rpl2, rps12 and ycf1. The cp genome of B. sacra reveals a novel genome, which could be used for further studied to understand its diversity, taxonomy and phylogeny.
Highlights
A major distinguishing organelle of plant cells is the chloroplast, which was suggested to have originated from cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis [1,2,3]
The chloroplast genome sequence quality was re-confirmed through repeating library preparation and sequencing of the extracted Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from B. sacra tree
The de novo assembled genome was referenced with already reported cp genomes of Sapindales such as Citrus sinensis and Azadirachta indica
Summary
A major distinguishing organelle of plant cells is the chloroplast, which was suggested to have originated from cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis [1,2,3]. Approximately 490 complete chloroplast (cp) genomes have been sequenced, and this information is publicly available (http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ genome). Most of these assembled genomes are associated with economically important crop plants [7]. Chloroplast genome analysis and engineering, either alone or in combination with traditional breeding techniques, might provide information for the future development of novel plant sources to counteract various environmental stress tolerance issues and improve the level of human-derived benefits from the target plant [8]. The techniques might provide information to improve the current understanding of major
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