THE FINEST OF JEWISH ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX - BEGINNING OF ХХ CENTURY IN VOLYN

Abstract

The research deals with the main types of Jewish elementary schools in Volyn. The material of the research of based on the analysis of archival sources, historical and pedagogical literature, Jewish schooling in the structure of education in Volyn within the period of study is outlined. Necessity of this research caused by numerous controversies: existing of a wide ranged regional historical and pedagogical researches, devoted to the formation of the development of national scholarship and the lack of integral scientific concept of development of Jewish scholarship in Volyn. The purpose of the article is to study the main Jewish schools of this period – heders, talmud-tor. For the achieving of a set goal and solving the problems described in the article the following scientific methods were used: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparison, generalization) and specifically scientific (historical-pedagogical and historical-systemic, which helped to research archived documents, provided the result of theoretical literature analysis, systemized factorial data; historically comparative which made possible to held comparative analysis of types of the Jewish educational institutions in the region. The results obtained of studying the main types of Jewish elementary schools in Volyn in the end of XIX – beginning of ХХ centuries were discovered that children were able to study at confessional elementary schools (heder, Talmud-tora) and secular educational institutions both national (state owned Jewish elementary colleges as per 1873 Position and in secular Jewish colleges as per 1844 Position). The conclusions made the most popular elementary schools for Jewish children in Volyn were heders and Talmud-toras.