Abstract
GBR is currently accepted as one of the most effective approaches for bone defect regeneration relating to dental implant. Icariin is the main active ingredient in the extraction of total flavonoids from the Chinese traditional herb Epimediumbrevicornum Maxim. In this study, ICA was successfully incorporated into the nanofibers barrier membrane (ICA-SF/PLCL) as osteoinduction factor by coaxial electrospinning and was released in a sustained and controlled manner. The entire release period included two stages: an initial burst stage (47.54 ± 0.06% on 5 d) and a decreasing and constant stage (82.09 ± 1.86% on 30 d). The membrane has good biocompatibility with BMMSCs anchored and significantly promoted its osteogenic activity. Moreover, in vivo experiment, bone defect covered by ICA-SF/PLCL membrane in rat cranium were statistically repaired compare to other groups. 12 weeks after implantation, in the test group, the new bone formation spread to cover most of the defect region with volume and density of approximately 15.95 ± 3.58 mm3 and 14.02 ± 0.93%. These results demonstrated that ICA-SF/PLCL nanofibrous membrane could be a promising barrier applicated for GBR.
Highlights
Dental implants have become increasingly accepted as the preferred method for the treatment of missing teeth[1]; bone deficiency caused by inflammation, as can occur with granulation tissue, can threaten implant success rates[2]
Cells were incubated in low-glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (L-DMEM) (HyClone, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco) at 37 °C under 5% CO2
The Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of ICA-Silk fibroin (SF)/PLCL nanofibrous membranes (Fig. 2C) showed that a distinct boundary along with the fiber axis could be clearly observed, demonstrating the formation of a core–shell structure, indicating that ICA was successfully incorporated into the nanofiber by coaxial electrospinning
Summary
Dental implants have become increasingly accepted as the preferred method for the treatment of missing teeth[1]; bone deficiency caused by inflammation, as can occur with granulation tissue, can threaten implant success rates[2]. A growing number of studies have shown that guided bone regeneration (GBR) technology can effectively restore the height and fullness of the alveolar bone, which can have a barrier function by preventing fibroblast cells and epithelial cells ingrowth into the bone defect site, and increase bone regeneration by increasing osteoblast attachment and proliferation[3,4,5]. ICA has many important physiological activities, such as promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts to protect against metabolic bone disease, along with immune regulation and anti-tumor activity[9]. Our previous studies have found that ICA can significantly promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities of human periodontal ligament stem cells both in vitro and in vivo[12]
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