Abstract
The increased pollution of water resources by various pollutants, especially the antibiotics, causes to search for novel photocatalysts with synergistic activity for mineralizing these pollutants, Here, the binary Co3O4-PbS nanocatalyst was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Furrier transformation infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope- energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) techniques. The Co3O4-PbS sample has an average crystallite size of 8.7 nm by the Williamson-Hall equation. The band gap energies of 2.63, 2.16, and 2.71 eV corresponding to the absorption edge wavelengths of 470, 573, and 457 were estimated for the Co3O4, PbS, and Co3O4-PbS, respectively. The pHpzc values of 8.6, 7, and 10.2 were achieved for the Co3O4, PbS, and Co3O4-PbS, respectively. The boosted activity of the coupled system was achieved when the moles of Co3O4 oxide is four times greater than that of another component. The significance of the suggested model in RSM study was confirmed by the model F-value of 189> F0.05,14,15, the LOF F-value of 4.42< F0.05,10,5 and high R2-values (R2 = 0.9944, pred-R2 = 0.9702, and the adj-R2 =0.9892). The direct Z-scheme is a favored mechanism for illustrating rifampin (RF) photodegradation by the proposed binary PbS-Co3O4 catalyst. The process kinetics well obeyed the Hinshelwood model with an apparent rate constant of 0.025 min−1, corresponding to the t1/2 value of 27.7 min. The rate constant of the first reusing run of about 0.022 min−1 was changed to 0.016 min−1 after the fourth reusing run.
Published Version
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