The evaluation of productive traits of pigs with application methods of population selection and molecular genetic markers

Abstract

The comprehensive evaluation of the productive traits of the initial genotypes of pigs in the creation of breeding herds using population selection methods has been carried out. Based on the results of evaluating the growth and development of breeding animals using the methods of index selection and DNA testing for the genes markers RYR1, ESR, IGF-2, MUC4 the genealogical structure of breeding herds has been formed on the basis of new stud lines of Belarusian stud type of pigs of Yorkshire breed. It has been found that sows of new lines had high reproduction rates: prolifi cacy was 11,6 piglets, milk capacity was 59,1 kg, number of piglets at weaning was 11,2 heads, and litter weight at weaning was 103,6 kg. The breeding herd of two new stud lines is represented by boars of the line Drug 6805 and Dobry 2313. The average productivity of boars-line continuers was: the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg to 160 days, the average daily gain from birth to reaching the live weight of 100 kg was 636 g. At the age of 12 months, the live weight and body length of replacement boars were 268 kg and 175 cm, the thickness of the fat was 8,9 mm, the height of the longest back muscle was 51,5 mm, the content of lean meat in the body was 62,6 %, which corresponds to the class “elite”. Boars have been separated into reproductive traits. Improvement of lines is carried out through the continuators of related groups. Analysis of genetic studies of animals of new stud lines has shown that they have a high frequency of occurrence of desirable alleles by genes: RYR1 (stress-resistant animals) – 1,0; IGF-2 (fattening and meat traits) – 0,783; ESR (reproductive traits) – 0,608; MUC4 – (resistance to escherichiosis) – 0,786.