Abstract
In the past few decades urban areas of Iran have grown very rapidly. According to statistics bureau of Iran, in 1996, 61.31% of the population lived in 614 urban centers-some 36 million. By 2020, this figure is estimated to rise to 80 %. This rise in urban population has resulted in continuous creation and growth of squatter settlements and in spreading of civil services until the breaking point. Serious shelter shortages, overcrowding, decreasing of the standards of public health and sanitary services, deterioration in the quality of living are the bitter fruits of the urban expansion in Iran. In this article based on a broad field study, we try to show some of physical environmental bitters which informal settlements in Iranian cities are faced with, especially in Tabriz city as a fourth biggest metropolitan area based on GIS analysis. This research is prepared in 3 parts: Part 1 the case of Tabriz city, Part 2: physical and man-made hazards, Part3: Evaluation of land tenures and dwellings. Keywords: Environmental Hazards, Squatter Settlements, GIS, Tabriz City, Iran.
Highlights
One of the most enduring manifestations of informal settlements, and one that has attracted the most attention, is squatter housing
Squatter settlements are settlements established by people who have illegally occupied an area of land and built their houses on it, usually through self-help processes
A squatter settlement can be defined as a residential area which has developed without legal claims to the land and/ or permission from the concerned authorities to build; as a result of their illegal or semi-legal status, infrastructure and services are usually inadequate (Srinivas, 1991)
Summary
One of the most enduring manifestations of informal settlements, and one that has attracted the most attention, is squatter housing. What is needed is the stock of the urban situation city, such areas are in two sections of town, where the standard of and realistically to review and (suitably) improve the urban plan- living is very low and housing condition is very poor These areas ning strategy so that forceful and positive steps are tackled effec- are includes: tively the problem of spontaneous, squatters and dwelling house. Its total population is over study of Tabriz city is outlined briefly in the following paragraphs , 0.3 million (nearly 340 thousands) This area is composed of five which somewhat will illustrate the condition of squatter and spon- sections some important characters of which are shown in table 1: taneous settlements in Iran as a sample and help to make this argu-.
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