The European Union's use of contractors in security and defence: blazing its own path of institutional change?

Abstract

ABSTRACT The rise of global power competition raises unique challenges for the European Union (EU) as it seeks to reconcile its security and defence aims with those of its encompassing member states while confronting both new and old types of warfare and threats on various geopolitical fronts. In this context, our study examines the role of contractors in the EU's approach to security and defence. Using new institutionalism, the study analyses changes to structure, personnel, and environment that empower and hamper the EU as it aims to enhance its capacity and role using contractors. The study finds that while organisational pressures push the EU to follow a path similar to the US in its security and defence outsourcing, the EU is charting its own path of organisational change and customising its use of contractors to align with its institutional values, mission, and processes for global engagement in security and defence.