The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights in the Member States

Abstract

Ten years after the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union became part of binding primary law, and 20 years since its adoption, this volume assesses the application of the EU Charter in the Member States. How often, and in particular by which actors, is the EU Charter invoked at the national level? In what type of situations is it used? Has the approach of national courts in general, and of constitutional courts in particular, to EU law and to EU fundamental rights law changed following the entry into force of the Charter? What sort of interplay does the Charter generate with the national bill of rights and the European Convention? Is life with the Charter on the national level a harmonious ‘praktische Konkordanz’ or rather a messy ‘ménage à trois’?