Abstract
The existence of palm oil plantation development allegedly resulted in a ecological losses, including the sustainability of mammalian diversity. So far the ecological losses to the diversity of wildlife species, especially mammals, have not been widely known. Therefore, in February 2018 a direct observation was conducted at 5 observation paths with Strip Transect Method and simultaneous data retrieval, three repetitions at 8.00-10.00 a.m. and 16.00-18.00 p.m. In addition, there are 10 Rodentia traps and 15 camera traps on each observation path. The analysis results obtained the total number of species and wealth of the highest species on oil palm plantation cover. The highest similarity index was obtained from young-aged oil palm (IS = 0.67) and the lowest commonality index was in old-aged oil palm (IS = 0.50). On the other hand, the old-aged oil palm has the highest value of mammal diversity and the lowest loss value, while the young-aged oil palm has the lowest mammal diversity value. Overall, land cover changes to oil palm plantations have a positive impact due to the addition of two species of mammals and the value of species diversity did not change significantly.
Highlights
Indonesia is known as a country with a wealth of very high biodiversity, both in ecosystem scale, species and genetics to attract the attention and admiration of people around the world [1];[2];[3]
It may be the opposite, that is, due to changes in land cover that initially in the form of land which is considered not enough to have the potential of biodiversity into oil palm plantation, it is believed to be beneficial for the development of some wildlife especially predatory animals such as owls and python [12]
The data show that the type of land cover that has the highest number of species is found in land cover prior to oil palm plantations and old-aged oil palm as many as four (4) types
Summary
Indonesia is known as a country with a wealth of very high biodiversity, both in ecosystem scale, species and genetics to attract the attention and admiration of people around the world [1];[2];[3]. Changes in land cover (forests and shrubs) due to human activities and development to oil palm plantations will impact on the changing conditions and potential for biodiversity. The potential impacts of oil palm expansion on tropical forests and biodiversity are the major conservation concerns of the world [13];[14]. It raises concerns over oil palm plantations due to rapid and widespread agricultural expansion, posing a serious threat to natural ecosystems around the world [15] including mammalian diversity. It is necessary to conduct research to find out the diversity of mammal species in various land cover in oil palm plantation, as it is still relatively little research on this matter
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