The variation of bird diversity in different land cover at oil palm plantation: case study at Asm Oil Palm Estate in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Yanto Santosa,Windi Sugiharti,Erniwati Erniwati,D Chalil,R Barus,M.I Fatoni,A.H.I Abdul Hadi,M Khaliqi,S.F Sidique

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/20185200051

Yanto Santosa, Windi Sugiharti + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185200051

Copy DOI

Abstract

The expansion of oil palm plantation has been claimed as a major driver of biodiversity loss in the tropics, including birds. To date, only a few studies have been conducted to document the variation of bird diversity in different land cover within oil palm plantation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct the research to investigate the variation of bird diversity. The objective of this study to identify the diversity of bird in different land cover within oil palm plantation. The observation of bird diversity was done in young stand of oil palm, old stand of oil palm, smallholder oil palm and in secondary forest as high stock carbon as natural reference before converting in to oil palm. The survey was done in August 2017 in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data of bird species were recorded by direct observation using transect method. To calculate the diversity value of birds at different land cover, we used Margalef Index (Dmg) and Comunity similarity (IS). The result showed that the number of species and species diversity was highest at high carbon stock area which the number of species was 25 species and Margalef Index was 5.99. The young stand of oil palm have the highest evenness index (0.93), while the highest similarity index was observed in old stand of oil palm and in smallholder oil palm. Our study concludes that the existence of high carbon stock areas within oil palm plantation had a positive influence in increasing bird diversity. From a conservation perspective, retaining of natural habitat such as high carbon stock within oil palm plantation is one strategy to conserve biodiversity.

Highlights

Oil palm plantations cover large areas and dominate plantations in Indonesia, especially in Kalimantan and Sumatra
This study aims to identify the diversity of bird species before and after oil palm plantation is established by calculating the similarity of bird communities
The number of spesies and species diversity was highest at High Carbon Stock area (HCS) area with 25 species recorded with Margalef Index 5.99

Summary

Introduction

Oil palm plantations cover large areas and dominate plantations in Indonesia, especially in Kalimantan and Sumatra. Oil palm is one of the plantation crops that have an important role for the national economy. Conversion of forest areas into agricultural land has resulted in decreased soil fertility, increased levels of soil erosion, frequent floods, prolonged droughts, local extinction and declining diversity of flora and fauna species, including birds (2). Birds are wildlife that has the ability to live in almost all habitat types. Birds can occupy a variety of habitat types, both forest habitat and non-forest habitat (3). Birds have high mobility and adaptability to a wide variety of habitat types. Birds have important role in the ecosystems for pollination, seed dispersal, and the control of crop pest (5). The need for research on the diversity of bird species in oil palm plantations. This study aims to identify the diversity of bird species before and after oil palm plantation is established by calculating the similarity of bird communities

Objectives

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion