Abstract
The study analyses the historical basis of the system of social and pedagogical support of foreign students in the United States. The relevance of the study lies in the importance of modernisation and the regular improvement of adaptive preparatory programmes in the linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural areas. However, this requires the use of the experience of countries with the biggest practice of working with foreign students, namely the United States. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyse the organisational structure of the system of social and pedagogical support of foreign students in higher education institutions in the United States at the initial historical stage. The methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalisation were used during the research. Also, for a more effective study of social and pedagogical and infrastructural development of the adaptive training system of foreign students, a method of chronological coordinates was developed. The stage from which it is necessary to begin the study of the history of the system of foreign student support is highlighted, namely the period of 1911-1920, marked as organisational and constitutive. It is revealed that the stage is characterised by the emergence of the primary foundations of the counselling centre for the support of foreign students; the creation of the first structured national associations of foreign students and the adoption of fundamental legislative initiatives that provided the development of the support system. It is substantiated that the process of structuring the support system in the United States should be considered after 1919 (defined by the author as a period of diachronic- synchronous unity) when the Institute of International Education was established. The practical significance of the study lies in the first systematisation of historical material and its presentation as an organisational and constitutive stage. The presented results of the research can be practically applied in the process of preparation of lecture material on the history of social work in the USA and the world; in the framework of public and non-profit organisations
Highlights
The increase in the number of international students in the world, in particular in the United States of America raises questions about the effective development of the system of social and pedagogical support
One of the central elements in the development of the international student support system in the United States and the first full-fledged counselling centre is the Committee for Friendly Relations among International Students [27,28], founded in 1911, which was a branch of the International Committee of the Christian Youth Association and aimed to assist students arriving in the United States
The Committee performed certain functions related to the support of students from other countries, including [30]: 1. Advising students before they leave their countries through the work of educational leaders or representatives of national associations
Summary
The increase in the number of international students in the world, in particular in the United States of America (as the country with the largest number of citizens of other countries in their higher education institutions) raises questions about the effective development of the system of social and pedagogical support. In order to increase the effectiveness of modernisation processes in adaptation programmes for foreign students, it is necessary to explore the historical basis of social and pedagogical support, which will identify the reasons for the creation of the first counselling programmes and movements to help foreign students. The development of the system of social and pedagogical support for foreign students in the United States was dictated by certain driving forces both by the students themselves and by the United States government. Legislative initiatives, the interaction between organisations aimed at acculturating citizens from other cultural groups, etc. are important elements
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