THE ESSENCE OF THE PROCESS OF VIBRATIONAL FINISHING AND CLEANING, ITS TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES AND WAYS TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY

Abstract

The main provisions of the classification of the vibration processing process depending on the characteristics and composition of the processing medium are given. It is established that vibration processing is a mechanochemical removal of metal particles and its oxides, and plastic deformation of the microroughness of the surface of the part. It was found that vibration processing is related to mechanical dynamic processes, when using chemically active solutions it is related to mechanochemical processes, according to technological purpose to dimensionless processes, according to the type of tool – to processing with free abrasives. It was determined that vibration processing is characterized by the dynamic mechanochemical effect of abrasive medium granules on the treated surface and the acoustic effect of shock waves. It has been established that the features of mechanical and physicochemical phenomena of vibration processing differ in the physical properties of the granules of the medium, the characteristics of the material of the processed parts, the dynamic nature of the process, the composition and properties of the chemically active solution. A classification of defects in the formation of parts, controlled parameters and vibration processing operations is given. The technological capabilities of the processing are presented, these are micro-cutting and surface plastic deformation, the effect of variable accelerations and continuous application of micro-impacts to the surface being processed, which ensures the dynamic nature of the process and creates conditions for strengthening and stabilizing processing. The design of the vibration machines allows the use of various compositions of solid, liquid and mixed compositions of working media. To increase the efficiency of the process, a variable scheme for combining technical solutions of new varieties of the vibration processing process is proposed. It has been established that by combining various combinations of technological and design parameters it is possible to expand the scope of application of the vibration finishing and cleaning process based on the creation and implementation of its varieties.