Abstract

A subset of the integers larger than 1 is primitive if no member divides another. Erdős proved in 1935 that the sum of 1 / ( a log ⁡ a ) 1/(a\log a) for a a running over a primitive set A A is universally bounded over all choices for A A . In 1988 he asked if this universal bound is attained for the set of prime numbers. In this paper we make some progress on several fronts and show a connection to certain prime number “races” such as the race between π ( x ) \pi (x) and l i ( x ) \mathrm {li}(x) .

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