Abstract
To fully comprehend the natural number sequence, we must look once again at prime numbers. We have already mentioned that the Greeks knew the distinction between prime and composite numbers, and even proved useful theorems concerning them. All natural numbers (excluding 1) can be categorized as either prime numbers (primes) or composite numbers (composites). Why are we interested in prime and composite numbers? Because every composite number “decomposes” into a unique set of prime numbers multiplied together. As mentioned earlier, this is the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic: Every natural number greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of prime numbers in one and only one way.
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