The epidemiology and prevention of measles – actual questions today

Abstract

The purpose of the work: is to analyze the epidemiological situation, to reveal the characteristics of the morphology of the pathogen, and the pathogenetic features of the disease and to outline the prospects for effective prevention of measles, when used for this purpose vaccination and specific gamaglobulin.Material and methods. The research has a theoretical and analytical character, presented in the methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, comparison, systematization and interpretation of the results.Results. Measles morbidity is characterized in different regions of Ukraine. It is noted that the problem of the increase in measles morbidity at this stage is extremely urgent not only for Ukraine, but also for a number of countries of the Eurozone. Both adults and children get sick with measles, although classically it is a childhood infection. Despite the level of economic development and the state of the organization of the health care system, mortality from this ailment remains rather high. It is noted that the main reason for the deterioration of the epidemiological situation is the reduction of the stratum of vaccinated persons, the irregular use of anticancer immunoglobulin, changes in the properties of the pathogen itself and the violation of macroorganism resistance, non-compliance with clear rules for the prevention of vaccinations in children's collectives.Conclusions. Thus, the current situation in Ukraine with the measles was preceded by both epidemiological and social causes, in particular the cyclicality of the increase in morbidity due to the properties of the pathogen, and the decrease in the level of vaccinees, due to the vaccine deficit in previous years and the negative attitude of the population towards vaccination in general. Ways to overcome this problem are outlined by the timely use of specific prevention, that is, vaccination, as well as isolation and adequate symptomatic treatment of patients. In addition, the use of a specific immunoglobulin is quite effective in preventing morbidity and decreasing the intensity of clinical manifestations.