Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to 1) compare the body mass index (BMI) and patterns of out-of-school activity participation in young people with and without physical disabilities, and 2) examine the relationship between BMI and the activity participation patterns among young people with physical disabilities. Methods: Thirty-nine young persons with physical disabilities (mean age ± standard deviation: 18.79 ± 1.99 years) and 70 healthy individuals (mean age ± standard deviation: 18.64 ± 0.74 years) participated in the study. The diversity, intensity, companionship, location and enjoyment of participation in activities were evaluated using the Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) scale. Body height and weight were obtained and BMI was calculated. Results: People with physical disabilities, regardless of their gender, had significantly lower CAPE-derived scores in almost all types of activity than the control participants (p
Highlights
Overweight and obesity in young people with physical disabilities are an important issue because they generate many negative health consequences, such as high blood pressure and hyperlipidaemia, which may persist throughout life [1]
Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare the CAPEderived scores between groups to avoid an inflated type I error associated with multiple t-tests
Our results showed that the BMI of people with physical disabilities was negatively correlated with the location and enjoyment of physical activities and the location of self-improvement activities, regression analysis showed that only enjoyment of physical activity explained 17.2% of the variance in the BMI (Table 3)
Summary
Overweight and obesity in young people with physical disabilities are an important issue because they generate many negative health consequences, such as high blood pressure and hyperlipidaemia, which may persist throughout life [1]. People with physical disabilities were found to participate less effectively in physical activities [6], and to participate in fewer activities and less frequently than their healthy counterparts [7] To date, it seems that there is only one study which has proposed that a lower level of participation in activities might be associated with a higher BMI (including overweight and obesity) among people with disabilities [8]. Whitt-Glover and colleagues [8] found that children with Down syndrome participated in fewer physical activities and had higher BMI levels, but did not perform any correlational analyses between these two variables Their subject group included children with both physical and cognitive impairments (Down syndrome), and mental retardation may have confounded the results. The objective of this study was twofold: to 1) compare the BMI and patterns of out-of-school activity participation in young people with and without physical disabilities, and 2) examine the relationship between BMI and patterns of out-of-school activity participation among young people with physical disabilities
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