The Emerging Landscapes of Long Noncoding RNA in Thyroid Carcinoma: Biological Functions and Clinical Significance.

Jian Zhu,Dan Wang,Peifeng Li,Shuai Wang,Qingqing He,Xianjiao Cao,Yixin Liu,Jun Wang,Changrui Liu

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.706011

Abstract

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is one of the most prevalent primary endocrine tumors, and its incidence is steadily and gradually increasing worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed the critical functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis and development of TC. Many TC-associated lncRNAs have been documented to be implicated in TC malignant behaviors, including abnormal cell proliferation, enhanced stem cell properties and aggressiveness, and resistance to therapeutics, through interaction with proteins, DNA, or RNA or encoding small peptides. Therefore, further elucidating the lncRNA dysregulation sheds additional insights into TC tumorigenesis and progression and opens new avenues for the early diagnosis and clinical therapy of TC. In this review, we summarize the abnormal expression of lncRNA in TC and the fundamental characteristics in TC tumorigenesis and development. Additionally, we introduce the potential prognostic and therapeutic significance of lncRNAs in TC.

Highlights

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system and accounts for about 1% of all malignancies
LncRNAs have been reported to be involved in various complex functions and molecular mechanisms; only a small fraction of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their functions in TC initiation and development have been investigated
Significant improvement has been achieved in uncovering lncRNAs and in understanding their functional roles and molecular mechanism in TC tumorigenesis and development

Summary

Introduction

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system and accounts for about 1% of all malignancies. LncRNAs exert their regulatory effects in regulating signaling transduction and cell fate determination through diverse molecular ways, including interaction with DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as encoding small peptides [6, 63]. The crucial roles of lncRNAs in TC initiation and development are evident by the fact that lncRNAs are closely related to TC malignant phenotypes, including sustaining uncontrolled cell growth, having resistance to cellular apoptosis, enhancing invasive ability, and acquiring cancer stem cell-like features.

Results

Conclusion