The electrochemical performances of porous niobium pentoxide with multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite incorporated with glassy carbon electrode for the sensing of chloramphenicol

Abstract

Chloramphenicol (CPL), a developing emergence of detection, was selected after sorting out many harmful hazards associated with the nominal dose of medications. Therefore, the detection of CPL is needed to defend the ecosystem. Consequently, this work provides exceptional scrutinization of the CPL reduction process utilizing the electrochemical method by the constructed nanomaterial which is hydrothermally prepared metal oxide such as Niobium Pentoxide (Nb2O5) with the Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT), which are prepared as a nanocomposite of MWCNT/Nb2O5. Thus, MWCNT/Nb2O5 nanocomposite was drop cast on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode to construct MWCNT/Nb2O5/GCE electrode utilized for the detection of CPL. The MWCNT/Nb2O5/GCE composite was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer-Emmette-Teller studies (BET), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Furthermore, the electrochemical performance of the prepared electrode was identified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) studies, respectively. The electrochemical investigations of the MWCNT/Nb2O5/GCE were conducted at −1.0 V to −0.2 V. The limit of detection (LOD) of the CPL was obtained with very low concentrations of 0.1 μM with a high sensitivity of 0.364 μA μM−1 cm−2 and a wide linear range (0.01–240 μM). Finally, the MWCNT/Nb2O5/GCE electrode performed acceptable repeatability, reproducibility, and stability performance. The prepared MWCNT/Nb2O5/GCE electrodes were utilized for the detection of CPL in milk samples and honey samples with acceptable recoveries.