The Efficacy of Cervical Conization in the Treatment of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in HIV-Positive Women

Abstract

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cervical conization in the treatment of CIN in HIV-positive women. Materials and Methods. Sixty-six HIV-positive women treated with cervical conization for CIN were stratified into four groups based on surgical margin and endocervical curetting (ECC) status (group 1: −margin/−ECC, group 2: +margin/−ECC, group 3: +margin/+ECC, group 4: −margin/+ECC). The rate of histologically proven recurrent CIN was calculated for each group and compared using χ 2 analysis. The effect of +margins, +ECC, degree of dysplasia, and CD4 count on the risk of recurrence was determined by logistic regression. Results. Forty-nine percent of patients with negative margins and negative ECC experienced recurrence, most within 36 months. There was no significant difference in recurrence rate for patients with positive margins (69.2%, P = 0.19), positive ECC (50%, P = 0.97), or positive margins and ECC (66.7%, P = 0.41) when compared to patients with complete excision of dysplasia. No significant difference in the mean CD4 count of patients with and without recurrent dysplasia (316 vs 390 cells/mm3, P = 0.37) was observed. Logistic regression showed only degree of dysplasia in the cone specimen to have a marginally significant linear relationship with recurrence. Conclusion. Cervical conization is not an effective method for eradicating CIN in HIV-positive women. Most patients will recur despite complete excision of dysplasia. Surgical margin status, ECC status, and CD4 count appear to have no effect on recurrence rate. Although multiple procedures were necessary in some patients, cone biopsy was effective in preventing progression to invasive cervical cancer in all cases.