Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a conditions caused by metabolic abnormalities include central obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. HbA1c examination is required to study the long-term glycemic status and to prevent diabetic complications of metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) oil and hypoglycemic drug combination to reduce HbA1c level in patients with metabolic syndrome risk. This research performed using an experimental randomized single - blind controlled trial design. A total of 99 outpatients at the Jetis I Public Health Center, Yogyakarta, Indonesia with metabolic syndrome risk were divided into three groups: The control group received placebo and two treatment groups received black seed oil orally at dose of 1.5 mL/day and 3 mL/day, respectively, for 20 days. The clinical conditions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, BMI, blood glucose serum and HbA1c levels were examined on day 0 and 21. The results obtained were analyzed with one-way ANOVA test. The mean of HbA1c levels of all groups before treatment was higher than the normal values and there was no significant difference in HbA1c value on day 0. Administration of 1.5 and 3 mL/day of black seed oil for 20 days decreased (p<0.05) HbA1c levels. It can be concluded that administration of black cumin seed oil and hypoglycemic drug combination for 20 days in patients at risk of metabolic syndrome may reduce to HbA1c levels.
Highlights
One of the public health problems in Indonesia is metabolic syndrome (MS)
More than 50% of diabetes mellitus patients experience failure to control blood glucose levels that lead to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels abnormalities (>7%) [9]
Exclusion criteria were drop out volunteers, pregnant women, taking NSAID medications and immunomodulatory supplements, allergic with black cumin seed oil, having a history of chronic kidney disease and cancer, undergoing hyperthyroid and diabetic ulcers therapy and active pulmonary TB patients
Summary
One of the public health problems in Indonesia is metabolic syndrome (MS). In Indonesia, MS prevalence varies based on age, gender, and region between 11 and 24.7% [4, 5]. One of the MS diseases, diabetes mellitus, is associated with the complications of various chronic and fatal diseases. Diabetes complications cause 50% and 30% of deaths due to coronary heart disease and kidney failure respectively. In which 30% of patients experienced blindness due to retinopathy complications and 10% of them had to undergo leg amputation [6].
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