The effects of two bone substitute materials in the treatment of experimentally induced mandibular defects: An experimental study

Atalla Rejab

doi:10.33899/rden.2018.160843

Abstract

Aims: To compare between the effects of deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and osteon in the healing of mandibular bone defects in the rabbits. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on ten rabbits at the Animal House, Dentistry college, Mosul University. The rabbits weighted between 1.5 and 2 kg and each rabbit was given anesthesia (10% ketamine (40 mg/kg) and 2% xylazine (5 mg/kg). Surgery was performed aseptically. Mandibles were exposed through a sub-mandibular incisions. Three rectangular full thickness defects (6×5 mm) were created in each side. The first defect in each side was filled with DBB, the second defect was filled with osteon, while the third defect was left untreated to serve as a control. Five rabbits were sacrificed after one week and the other five rabbits were sacrificed after one month. The bony mandibles were immersed in 10% formalin solution and examined histologically by two histopathologists. Results: Microscopically, sections for one week of all groups showed mild degree of inflammation, moderate amount of vascularity, granulation tissue and osteoid tissue formation. Sections of one month showed no difference regarding the degree of inflammation vascularity, but the amount of granulation tissue and osteoid tissue formation in the control group were lesser than the amount seen in both experimental groups. Conclusions: DBB and osteon accelerate bone healing after month regarding the amount of granulation tissue and osteoid tissue formation.

Highlights

Osseous defects occur as a result of trauma, prolonged edentulism, congenital anomalies, surgery, periodontal disease, andRejab AF infection, and they often require hard and soft tissue reconstruction[1].Replacement of extensive local bone loss is a significant clinical challenge
There are four characteristics that an ideal bone graft material should exhibit which include: (i) osteointegration, the ability to chemically bond to the surface of bone without an intervening layer of fibrous tissue; (ii) osteoconduction, the ability to support the growth of bone over its surface; (iii) osteoinduction, the ability to induce differentiation of pluripotential stem cells from surrounding tissue to an osteoblastic phenotype; and (iv) osteogenesis, the formation of new bone by osteoblastic cells present within the graft material
The first defects considered as group I (A negative control group in which the defects were not filled with bone substitute material), the second defects considered group II, and the third defects considered group III

Summary

Introduction

Osseous defects occur as a result of trauma, prolonged edentulism, congenital anomalies, surgery, periodontal disease, andRejab AF infection, and they often require hard and soft tissue reconstruction[1].Replacement of extensive local bone loss is a significant clinical challenge. Osseous defects occur as a result of trauma, prolonged edentulism, congenital anomalies, surgery, periodontal disease, and. Rejab AF infection, and they often require hard and soft tissue reconstruction[1]. Replacement of extensive local bone loss is a significant clinical challenge. There are a variety of techniques available to the surgeon to replace extensive local bone loss, each with their own advantages and disadvantages[2]. In order to solve problems due to bone defects graft and synthetic bone substitutes have been employed for reconstruction purposes resulting in alveolar ridges with sufficient bone volume [3]. Autogenous bone graft satisfies all of these requirements

Methods

Results

Conclusion