The effects of some insecticides on honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Abstract

Abstract In the study, the topical application (1 µl/bee), contact (5 ml/pot/10 bees) and residual (5 ml/pot/10 bees) effects of eight insecticides (Methiocarb, Alphacypermethrin, Indoxacarb, Spinosad, Thiacloprid + Deltamethrin, Thiamethoxam, Thiamethoxam + Lambda-Cyhalothrin and Zeta Cypermethrin), which are commonly used in pest control in hazelnut cultivation, were investigated on Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera:Apidae). The study was conducted with 10 young worker bees in 4 replicates. Knock-down effect and 48-hour mortality were determined in all three methods. The study was conducted under 65–70% humidity and 24 ± 1oC laboratory conditions. The study findings demonstrated that the impact of the topical application was low in all pesticides, while the other two methods led to 100% mortality after 48 hours at the recommended dose. The highest contact effect was observed with thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, zeta cypermethrin, methiocarb and indoxacarb, followed by thiacloprid + deltamethrin, Spinosad and alphacypermethrin. Among the insecticides tested for residual effects, thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, zeta cypermethrin and Spinosad led to over 90% mortality after 5 days.