Abstract
Peony seed oils (PSOs) were prepared using supercritical CO2 (SC) and compared with soxhlet extraction (SE) and mechanical screw press extraction (SPE) methods. The fatty acid compositions of the oils were determined, and the physicochemical properties of the oils, including free radical-scavenging activity, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, thermal and rheological properties were evaluated. The unsaturated fatty acids in the SE oils were higher than SC and SPE oils due to the higher percentage of olefinic, allylic methylene and allylic methine protons in the SE oils. The SPE oils also displayed the highest DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity at the tested concentrations. However, the SE oils showed stronger inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes under in vitro conditions when compared with the other oil samples. The three oils had similar melting and crystalline point due to similar contents of fatty acids (FAs). The SC oils had a lower Ea than the others.
Highlights
Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a native tree of China, and it is widely cultivated in many other countries and areas like Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Europe, North America, and other regions (Li et al, 2015)
The compositions of the Peony seed oils (PSOs) extracted by supercritical CO2 (SC), soxhlet extraction (SE) and screw press extraction (SPE) were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and represented as percentage chromatographic area (Table 1)
Seven types kinds fatty acid were detected in the SE oils, two fatty acids (FAs), hexadecenoic and eicosanoic acid were at trace levels and hexadecenoic acid was absent in SC oil
Summary
Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a native tree of China, and it is widely cultivated in many other countries and areas like Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Europe, North America, and other regions (Li et al, 2015). Besides its ornamental value as a flower, the peony is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and as a functional food due to its various functional constituents (Ning et al, 2015). The dried peony flower has been exploited to prepare a tea for an antitussive purpose, with strong antioxidant activity due to the presence of anthocyanin. Some studies reported that solvent extracts and essential oils of P. suffruticosa flower buds possess potential antimicrobial activities against some of the common food-borne bacterial pathogens (Han and Bhat, 2014; Wang et al, 2004). Peony seeds are the source of polysaccharides and four types of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from peony seed dregs have displayed strong antioxidant activities in a recent study (Shi et al, 2016)
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