Abstract
The potential effects of three modern extraction technologies (cold-pressing, microwaves and subcritical fluids) on the recovery of oil from Chaenomelessinensis (Thouin) Koehne seeds have been evaluated and compared to those of conventional chemical extraction methods (Soxhlet extraction). This oil contains unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols. Subcritical fluid extraction (SbFE) provided the highest yield—25.79 g oil/100 g dry seeds—of the three methods. Moreover, the fatty acid composition in the oil samples was analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. This analysis showed that the percentages of monounsaturated (46.61%), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (42.14%), after applying SbFE were higher than those obtained by Soxhlet, cold-pressing or microwave-assisted extraction. In addition, the oil obtained under optimized SbFE conditions (35 min extraction at 35 °C with four extraction cycles), showed significant polyphenol (527.36 mg GAE/kg oil), and flavonoid (15.32 mg RE/kg oil), content, had a good appearance and was of high quality.
Highlights
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), polyphenolics, including bioflavonoids, their derivatives and analogues, are important nutraceuticals and are becoming of increasing nutritional interest [1].The consumption of dietary PUFA and polyphenols has been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and cancer, to improve inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis, to reduce plasma triacylglycerol levels and to lower blood pressure [2]
A number of temperatures (25, 35, 45 and 55 ◦ C), were evaluated, in order to study the effect of extraction temperature, and the other experimental parameters were set as follows: two extraction cycles, 30 min extraction time, 40 mesh particle size
In order to quantify the oil extracted from C. sinensis seeds after subcritical fluid extraction (SbFE), polyphenol content and physicochemical acids
Summary
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), polyphenolics, including bioflavonoids, their derivatives and analogues, are important nutraceuticals and are becoming of increasing nutritional interest [1].The consumption of dietary PUFA and polyphenols has been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and cancer, to improve inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis, to reduce plasma triacylglycerol levels and to lower blood pressure [2]. PUFA and polyphenols can be found in natural sources, these may not be enough to cover consumers requirements. Both food and pharmaceutical products with added PUFA and polyphenols are becoming common in the United. Molecules 2017, 22, 1788 consumption may significantly increase the level of their intake [6]. These nutraceuticals have been associated with the prevention of some chronic and degenerative diseases [7,8,9]. The recovery of these compounds from natural sources for use as food additives and/or nutraceuticals and dietary supplements is an important challenge [10]
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