Abstract
Free-space optical (FSO) communication requires a line-of-sight connection between a transmitter and a receiver in which the information signal is modulated by an optical carrier that propagates in free space. The FSO channel is greatly affected by weather conditions such as fog, rain, and snow. In the literature, several adaptive techniques, such as power control (PC), have been suggested to mitigate channel link degradations. In this paper, we investigate the effects of snow and rain attenuation on the bit error rate (BER) of the FSO system using two types of modulations, the on-off keying (OOK) modulation and the pulse-position modulation (16-PPM). The effect of PC on the performance of FSO communications is also examined in this study. We evaluated the system’s performance with two types of snow, wet snow and dry snow, as well as with different rain regions. Results show that PC improves the BER of the FSO system; a high rate of improvement is found for wet snow and rain. PC has almost no effect with dry snow because of the high attenuation and the limitations on transmitted power. The BER for 16-PPM is better than that for OOK modulation.
Highlights
The increasing demand for high-speed Internet and high-capacity services has resulted in great pressure on communication systems and technologies
We investigate the effects of snow and rain attenuation on the bit error rate (BER) of the Free-space optical (FSO) system using two types of modulations, the on-off keying (OOK) modulation and the pulse-position modulation (16-PPM)
Results show that power control (PC) improves the BER of the FSO system; a high rate of improvement is found for wet snow and rain
Summary
The increasing demand for high-speed Internet and high-capacity services has resulted in great pressure on communication systems and technologies FSO communication is a line-of-sight technology that transmits an information signal by laser light through an atmospheric channel instead of fiber cables. It has several advantages, such as a license-free spectrum, large bandwidth, high data rate, easy installation, high security, and low power requirements [1] [2]. Our contribution in this paper will come from our study of the effect of PC on the performance of an FSO channel during snow or rain attenuation using two different modulation techniques.
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