Abstract
This paper studies the effects of financial and non-financial incentives on job tenure of academics in Jordanian universities. The purpose of this research is to help Jordanian universities find solutions to the job tenure challenge that they face and to explore the role of incentives in job tenure. The study follows the incentives typology of Buchan and incentives are divided into two categories; financial incentive, including salary, other direct financial incentives, and indirect financial incentives, and non-financial incentives including training and education, recreational facilities, occupational health, and flexible working hours, breaks, and sabbatical. Job tenure is measured by the period that the questionnaire respondents were working with the current employers. The study considers two hypotheses and two questions to test the effect of incentives on job tenure. Results show that financial and non-financial incentives had positive significant effects on job tenure. The study recommends universities in Jordan to pay more attention to incentive given to their academics when they aim to increase job tenure.
Highlights
Job tenure is the time span that employees have been working for the current organization; it is the continuing spells of employment, not the completed spells (OECD Employment Outlook, 2001)
Respondents’ academic experience was varied, 45.4% of them have between 6-17 years in total. 20.4% of respondents were in the (Business / Commerce / Economics / Management) faculty, 54.6% of them were working in private universities, and 38% of them were working as associate professors
The analysis showed that hypothesis one was supported and there was a significant positive relationship between financial incentives and job tenure of academics in Jordanian university, the answer to this research question is yes
Summary
Job tenure is the time span that employees have been working for the current organization; it is the continuing spells of employment, not the completed spells (OECD Employment Outlook, 2001). The challenge of job tenure could be different from one industry to another; in the education industry, this challenge is obvious, in the US, Gray and Taie (2015) found that 17% of teachers quit the teaching profession during the first five years, while Ronfeldt et al (2013) said that 30% of new teachers quit the profession within the same period and this rate increases to 50% in low-performing and high-poverty schools. If we compare these rates to the US national labor turnover rate of 3.2% In Jordan, universities have limited financial resources and they could find it challenging to provide proper incentives to their academics (Al-Nsour, 2012), which might affect the universities and threaten academics job tenure in these universities
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