The Effects of Enteral Nutrition on the Intestinal Environment in Patients in a Persistent Vegetative State.

Hiroshi Matsuoka,Chieko Sakuragi,Misa Saito,Tenagy Hartanto,Yoshiki Hirooka,Isao Morita,Yuichi Hirose,Yoshinori Mizuguchi,Yuka Togashi,Takumi Tochio,Yuichiro Nishimoto,Kohei Funasaka,Masanobu Kumon,Kouichi Suda,Ayako Watanabe

doi:10.3390/foods11040549

Hiroshi Matsuoka, Chieko Sakuragi + Show 13 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11040549

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Abstract

Enteral nutrition (EN) is a rational approach to providing nutritional intake via the intestines in patients who are unable to tolerate parenteral nutrition. We conducted a preliminary study to investigate the effects of EN on the intestinal environment in 10 patients in a persistent vegetative state (PVS) (n = 5 each in the EN and EN with probiotics; Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588) groups compared with 10 healthy controls. The results of 16S amplicon sequencing of the intestinal microbiota showed that EN led to dysbiosis with a decrease in α-diversity and an obvious change in β-diversity. A particularly significant decrease was seen in useful intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and butyrate-producing bacteria. Analysis of intestinal metabolites also supported these results, showing significant decreases in butyric and pyruvic acid after EN. Although C. butyricum MIYAIRI 588 improved some intestinal metabolites that were decreased after EN, it did not improve the dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. These findings indicate that EN causes dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and an imbalance in some intestinal metabolites in patients in a PVS. Moreover, although C. butyricum MIYAIRI 588 improved the imbalance of some intestinal metabolites after EN, it did not prevent dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota.

Highlights

Introduction published maps and institutional affilEnteral nutrition (EN) is a method of administering carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements enterally, and is widely used in various fields of perioperative nutrition because it allows for high-energy administration and utilizes the body’s digestive and absorptive capacity
In the present preliminary study, we investigated whether various diseases that occur during EN among patients in a persistent vegetative state (PVS) may be related to the intestinal environment
The results showed that EN remarkably decreased the diversity and altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota (Figure 1a,b), and in particular, caused a significant decrease in the occupancy of useful intestinal bacteria such as Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Anaerostipes, and Roseburia, which were highly prevalent in the HT group (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Enteral nutrition (EN) is a method of administering carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements enterally, and is widely used in various fields of perioperative nutrition because it allows for high-energy administration and utilizes the body’s digestive and absorptive capacity. Recent studies have reported that changes in the intestinal environment, including the intestinal microbiota and metabolites, are associated with various diseases, including metabolic diseases, allergies, cancer, and neurological disorders. Reported that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, characterized by an increase of harmful bacteria such as Eggerthella and Streptococcus, induces the production of imidazole propionate, which is one of the factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Feehley et al [2] reported that a decrease in Anaerostipes caccae, an intestinal bacterium that produces butyrate, is iations

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