Abstract
[Purpose]The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of elastic band exercises and nutritional education, as well as to identify the factors influencing frailty, strength, and nutritional intake of elderly women.[Methods]The subjects in this study were 30 elderly women who were divided into four groups. All groups agreed to participate in four programs: health education only (HE), elastic band exercises only (EX), nutritional education only (NU), and elastic band exercises plus nutritional education (EX+NU). Frailty was evaluated by measuring the frailty factors according to Fried et al. Leg strength was measured using a leg-extension machine. Nutritional intake was assessed by the 24-hour recall method and food records. Nutritional intake was analyzed by CAN Pro 5.0 program.[Results]After three months, the prevalence of frailty significantly decreased in the EX+NU group (P=0.013) compared with that of the HE group (P=0.088). There was significant improvement in leg strength in both the EX (P=0.012) and EX+NU groups (P=0.003) compared with that of the HE group (EX, P=0.005; EX+NU, P=0.002). The nutritional intake significantly decreased in the EX group compared with that of the HE group (P<0.05, P<0.05).[Conclusion]The combination of elastic exercises and nutrition education had positive effects on frailty and leg strength, while having negative effects on total calories, carbohydrate, sodium, and iron intake in elderly women. Elastic exercises only had positive effects on leg strength while having negative effects on nutritional intake in elderly women.
Highlights
According to the 2017 Elderly Statistics announced by Statistics Korea, 13.8% of the entire population in Korea are senior citizens aged 65 years and above[1]
A Shapiro-Wilk test was conducted to test the normality of data, and the results showed that some variables were not normally distributed, and since the number of samples was small, non-parametric statistics were used
Lee et al.[23] implemented elastic band exercises to 30 elderly women 3 times a week, 50 minutes each for 8 weeks, and the results showed that both arm and leg strength increased
Summary
According to the 2017 Elderly Statistics announced by Statistics Korea, 13.8% of the entire population in Korea are senior citizens aged 65 years and above[1]. Korea became an aged society in 2018 due to an increased lifespan, improved living standards, and low birth rates, and is expected to become a super-aged society by 2026 This rapidly growing elderly population is becoming a potentially major economic burden on society. The disability adjusted life expectancy (DALE), which is the time in which one survives without a disability, is 68.6 years, showing a 10-year difference from the average lifespan. This indicates that the elderly’s quality of life in Korea is not desirable due to health, compared to other advanced countries. This study focused on elderly women that take up a high percentage of the elderly population
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