Abstract
Lubrication plays an important role in increasing efficiency of a machining operation when high temperature and friction are two major issues. In the current study, two various types of lubricant SAE10 oil and vegetable oil were tested in end milling of a steel St60 block and the results were compared with dry condition. To have a clear understanding of the lubrication effects, three different concentrations for each lubricant using proper solvent were made and surface roughness (Ra), machining power and tool wear were compared in three distinct machining conditions. These conditions differ in depth of cut and machining speed (in a constant feed rate) according to real application. Among the lubrication environments, SAE10 assisted machining in low spindle speed showed better results. Moreover, it was observed that dry machining and machining in presence of vegetable oil especially in the cases of cutting fluids with lower oil content in fairly high tool velocity lead to process productivity improvement. Finally, dry machining resulted in more wear on cutting tool.
Highlights
For as long as people cut metals, they have utilized a fluid to aid the process
The factors which influence the surface roughness during the end milling process, include tool geometry, process parameters and heat generated in machining operation [3]
The aim was to estimate the effect of two types of cutting oil as well as various concentrations of them on machining performance
Summary
For as long as people cut metals, they have utilized a fluid to aid the process. The main goal in manufacturing is to minimize production time, cost, energy and resources while maintaining or even improving performance [2]. By this way metal cutting fluids are important. Fluids provide a lubricated layer between the tool-workpiece adjacent surfaces and help to reduce interfacial friction [3]. Cooling feature of a fluid could help to decrease undesirable and uncontrollable workpiece, tool and chip temperature [4]. Due to intrinsic mobility feature, fluids could flush away the produced chips during machining [5].
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