Abstract

This paper tests whether creditors affect a firm’s cash reserves and the value of cash via covenants and violations of bank loan contracts. Our results show that tight covenants induce firms to increase their cash balances. Borrowers tend to increase cash reserves after covenant violations by liquidating net working capital and reducing the payout ratio. We also find that covenant violations impact high growth firms, because they are more sensitive to changes in cash reserves. Finally, our results show that the effects of bank monitoring on a firm’s cash holdings are more significant during the financial crisis period. Key words: Bank loan, cash holdings, covenant violation, value of cash

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