The Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) and Organic Fertilizer on Chemical Features of Soil Planted by Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) on Critical Land of Iron Ore Mining

Abstract

The rate of land degradation is increasingly widespread and alarming, where the land becomes critical land. The transfer of forest into the iron ore mining area in Lhoong Subdistrict causes drying of river water. For that, it is needed a solution for the conservation of the land with the right and useful plants. This study aims to determine the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) and organic fertilizer on soil chemical properties planted with sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on critical land of iron ore mine in Lhoong, Aceh Besar. The soil sample was taken from Lhoong area, Aceh Besar District with a depth of 0-20 cm. The study was arranged according to a randomized block design of 2x3 factorial patterns with 4 replications. The first factor, AMF with 2 types, those are without Mycorrhiza and Mixed Mycorrhiza as much as 10 g each polybag. The second factor is organic fertilizer with 3 types those are Without Fertilizer, Manure, and Guano respectively as many as 30 tons each hectare area equivalent to 150 g/polybag. The results of the observations were tested by the variance analysis at α = 5%. The results of soil chemistry research showed that the provision of AMF had no significant effect on pH of H2O, C-organic, N-total, P-available and CEC of soil. Organic fertilizer has a very significant effect on pH of H2O, C-organic and N-total soil.