Abstract
The Sida corymbosa plant has been used for centuries in traditional medicine in different countries for prevention and treatment of different diseases such as liver and cardiac diseases. This work aimed at investigating if <i>Sida corymbosa</i> ethanolic leaf extract has preventive and therapeutic effects against abnormal serum bilirubin and total protein in Albino rats by carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>). This study took place at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State. The rats were grouped into those given 5000, 3000 and 1000 mg/kgbw of the extract before and after CCl<sub>4</sub> administration from 7 d to 28 d, those injected CCl<sub>4</sub> only which stayed from 7 d to 28 d and those without CCl<sub>4</sub> and extract. Male Albino rats weighing 170-190 g were used. Injection of CCl<sub>4</sub> (0.4 ml/kgbw i.p) was done using olive as vector before and after oral administration of the <i>Sida corymbosa</i> extract. Serum bilirubin was estimated using Powel’s method while serum total protein was estimated using the Biuret method. Results were analyzed statistically using SPSS statistical software version 21. Analysis done so far revealed that serum bilirubin of rats injected CCl<sub>4</sub> without extract administration (negative control) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than other groups, those administered 5000, 3000 and 1000 mg/kgbw of extract before and after CCl<sub>4</sub> injection and those without CCl<sub>4</sub> nor extract (positive control). The reverse was the case for serum total protein, suggesting protective and therapeutic potentials of the extract. <i>Sida corymbosa</i> ethanolic leaf extract may, therefore, has some protective and therapeutic effects against abnormal serum bilirubin and total protein synthesis in Albino rats by CCl<sub>4</sub> thereby improving the liver function.
Highlights
The liver is one of the largest and most important organs in the body
The results of the serum bilirubin (Total, conjugated and unconjugated bilirubins) of albino rats given Sida corymbosa ethanolic leaf extract before and after injecting CCl4 are hereby presented in figures 2-7
The highest decrease in values for total bilirubin among the treated groups was witnessed at 28 days of treatment in those given 5000 mg/kg of the extract followed by those given 3000 mg/kg while those given 1000 mg/kgbw showed the least decrease in total bilirubin at 28 days of treatment for both studies
Summary
The liver is one of the largest and most important organs in the body. It plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes in the body [1,2,3]. Liver illness is among the most prevalent illness and one of the largest health challenges of the world recently [4]. It has been reported that xenobiotics like carbon tetrachloride, environmental pollutants and microbial infiltration from ingestion or infection can destroy the liver [5,6]. Bilirubin and protein are among the biomolecules used in accessing the health status of the liver [4]. Plants are basic source of knowledge of modern medicine which reflects recognition of the validity of many traditional claims regarding the value of natural products in health care system [7]
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