Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper explores the concept of ‘irreversibility’ in relation to denuclearization efforts on the Korean Peninsula over the past 30 years, covering the most impactful US, South Korean, and North Korean approaches during this timeframe. Attempts to constrain North Korea’s nuclear programme have largely been characterized by ‘halting measures’, such as technical freezes or political moratoria; however, these measures did not have lasting effects. This paper examines the systemic barriers that challenged the sustainability of these halting measures, in particular disagreements over goals, terminology, sequencing, as well as a failure to achieve sustained momentum during challenging periods of domestic politics. It then considers what this suggests about the viability of these types of measures in promoting ‘irreversible’ disarmament in North Korea moving forward.

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