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Abstract
The article presents the results of the effectiveness studies of No-till technology on chernozem in a typical forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. Research has shown that No-till technology provides water, agrophysical and agrochemical properties of soil that are favourable for plant growth while effectively controlling weeds. There is also a tendency to increase the yield and product quality. According to our estimates, direct sowing increases the yield of spring wheat grain by 0.5 kg/ha, the mass fraction of gluten from 13.6% to 15.0%, the mass fraction of protein from 11.0% to 11.6% in comparison with traditional technology.
Highlights
Priority areas for the development of agriculture on a global scale include the search for effective, low-cost, environmentally acceptable agricultural technologies that guarantee the stable development of agricultural production while reducing the cost and the negative impact of intensification means on the environment.In recent years, minimal tillage systems and No-till technologies [1] are becoming more widespread in the world, including in Russia [2]
The tasks include: - to study the dynamics of the agrophysical properties of the soil, depending on the technologies used; - to study the dynamics of soil moisture and the content of productive moisture with various technologies; - to identify changes in agrochemical indicators of soil fertility; - to establish the effect of No-till technology on weediness of crops; - to study the dependence of the spring wheat yield and its structure on the studied factors
The technology of cultivating spring wheat without tillage led to an increase in penetration resistance, especially in the soil layer of 20-30 cm, but the indications did not go beyond the optimal values for plants
Summary
Priority areas for the development of agriculture on a global scale include the search for effective, low-cost, environmentally acceptable agricultural technologies that guarantee the stable development of agricultural production while reducing the cost and the negative impact of intensification means on the environment. It minimizes interference with the soil while ensuring the constant presence of plants and their live roots in the soil, maintaining fertility, reducing the cost of fuels and lubricants, depreciation and repair of equipment. This is not a simplification of existing systems, but a sophisticated technology, the correct application of which minimize the main problems of agriculture [4, 5]. The tasks include: - to study the dynamics of the agrophysical properties of the soil, depending on the technologies used; - to study the dynamics of soil moisture and the content of productive moisture with various technologies; - to identify changes in agrochemical indicators of soil fertility; - to establish the effect of No-till technology on weediness of crops; - to study the dependence of the spring wheat yield and its structure on the studied factors
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