The Effectiveness of Channa striata Extract Antimicrobial Effect on Periopathogen Bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans)

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal disease involves polymicrobial which is a multifactorial disease and many host factors are involved in determining an individual's susceptibility. Clinical and experimental evidence has confirmed that certain strains of bacteria in the periodontal environment can cause inflammation and bone damage. This bacterial strain is identified as a periodontal pathogen (periopathogen). Periodontal infection is associated with the presence of peripathogen bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Channa striata (cork fish) contains a lot of amino acids, fatty acids, and albumin. This species is known to has beneficial aspects which are anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and anticancer properties. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Channa striata extract as an antimicrobial agent in periopathogen bacteria Pg dan Aa. Materials and Methods: Bacterial samples were collected from patients with periodontitis. The samples were collected using a paper point/curette and kept it in the transport medium. The Identified Pg and Aa, were divided into 3 groups. Those groups were tested with channa striata extract with 100% concentration, chlorhexidine, and aquadest. After that, the inhibition zone was measured using the calipers. Results: The inhibition zone in the group tested with channa striata extract was higher for Pg and Aa bacteria compared to the chlorhexidine inhibition zone. The highest inhibition zone is seen in the effect of channa striata extract on Pg bacteria, this means that Pg bacteria are more sensitive to channa striata extract compared to Aa bacteria. Conclusions: Channa striata extract was effective as antimicrobial therapy in periopathogenic bacteria Pg dan Aa