Abstract
A comprehensive search to identify randomized controlled trials and case control studies on the subject of autologous whole blood injections (ABI) for tendinopathy. For example subacromial impingement, rotator cuff tendinopathy, tennis elbow, golfers elbow, patella tendonitis, Achilles tendonitis and plantar fasciitis.
Highlights
Tendinopathy is a common disorder with a reported prevalence of between 4 and 26% [1] affecting a wide variety of tendons and is characterized clinically with chronic pain, weakness and sometimes rupture
Research Question: Are autologous whole blood injections effective compared to existing treatments in the management of tendinopathy?
We excluded studies linking this with the use of a surgical procedure and studies using platelet rich plasma only, as the focus of this review is on whole blood products
Summary
Tendinopathy is a common disorder with a reported prevalence of between 4 and 26% [1] affecting a wide variety of tendons and is characterized clinically with chronic pain, weakness and sometimes rupture. The disease process is thought to be caused by a “multifactorial process” [4] Some of these factors may include non-physiological joint “mechanics resulting in recurrent microtrauma leading to tendon degeneration, micro tears and eventual failure of healing processes” [4]. These changes common to tendinopathies in general have been identified histologically with evidence of “fibroblast proliferation, vascular hyperplasia and angio fibroblastic hyperplasia” [4] without the presence of a chronic inflammatory component. That there is in vitro evidence that fluoroquinolone antibiotics are thought to be able to induce tendinopathies via their effect on MMP expression by tenocytes highlights the importance of biologically active mediators in tendinopathy [2]
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