THE EFFECT OF ULTRASONICATION TIME ON PARTICLE SIZE, POLYDISPERSITY INDEX AND STABILITY EVALUATION OF ANTHOCYANIN LIPOSOMES

Abstract

Background: One of the drug delivery systems that acts as a targeting system is liposomes which have good characteristics so they can encapsulate and deliver drug compounds. One of the characteristics that need to be considered in liposomes is the particle size and polydispersity index. Several methods can be used to control these two characteristics, including the extrusion and the ultrasonication method. Objectives: This research aims to see stability evaluation and effect of ultrasonication time and extrusion on particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of Anthocyanin liposomes. Methods: The liposome formula was prepared using Anthocyanin: DSPC: cholesterol: DSPE-PEG2000 in a ratio of 1: 1.85: 1: 0.15 using the ethanol injection method. Anthocyanin liposome was divided into 3 treatments of varying ultrasonication times i.e. 5 minutes (L1), 15 minutes (L2), and 30 minutes (L3), and extrusion method as control (L0). All methods of anthocyanin liposomes size and PDI were done the stability evaluation based on storage temperature i.e 4oC and 25oC for 6 weeks Results: The results of liposome characterization using particle size analyzer (PSA) showed that L0, L1, L2, and L3 had particle sizes of 152.1 nm, 150, 6 nm, 156.2 nm, 169.7 nm with the average PDI 0.379, 0.368, 0.450, 0.366 respectively. The statistical data (T-test) showed that there was no real influence on the particle size and PDI of Anthocyanin liposomes. However, Liposome treatment (L1) produced using the ultrasonication method for 5 minutes produces better particle size and PDI than other time variables. Moreover, the stability evaluation of anthocyanin liposomes size and PDI described the extrusion (control) and sonication method particularly 5 minutes of ultrasonication time were more stable than others due to no change size and PDI significantly at 4oC and 25oC for 6 weeks. Conclusion: Both methods can reduce the particle size of anthocyanin liposomes and have a homogeneous particle distribution, particularly the ultrasonication treatment time of 5 minutes which is the same as the extrusion method and and also more stable at storage temperatures of 4oC and 25oC for 6 weeks.                    Peer Review History: Received 8 December 2023;   Revised 26 January 2024; Accepted 29 February; Available online 15 March 2024 Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, toyinpharm@gmail.com Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Md. Shahidul Islam, USTC, Chittagong, Bangladesh, S_i_liton@yahoo.com Dr. Mohammad Tauseef, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, mtauseef@csu.edu