Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) as the enzyme of adult stem cells secreted from damage cells. In spite of low level of MMP9 enzyme in the mesenchymal stem cells, many inflammatory cytokines stimulation such as TNF-α could increase MMP9 level in cells.
 
 Current study evaluated the expression of the MMP9 enzyme under the influence of TNF-α in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
 
 The human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were classified into control and experimental groups. In the experimental groups, various concentrations of the TNF-α (1ng/ml and 10ng/ml) were administrated in different times (10 and 24 hours), whereas the control group was not treated with TNF-α. MMP9 gene expression was evaluated by Real-Time PCR. TNF-α administration in 1ng/ml and 10ng/ml dosage for 10 hours, induced the expression of MMP9 1468.3 and 1782.8 times more than the control group, respectively.
 
 After 24h, in comparison between 1ng/ml and 10ng/ml with control groups, MMP9 expression were 442.64 and 1184.4 times more than control group, respectively.
 
 In conclusion, the expression rate of the MMP9 gene in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells might be effected by dosage and time of exposure to TNF-α. Furthermore, the time of exposure might have the prominent role in alteration of MMP9 gene expression induction in the mesenchymal stem cells.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) participate to repair of their originated tissues such as bone, cartilage, muscle, tendon, and fat
We identified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by flow cytometry assay and induced differentiation assay to investigate whether the inflammatory environment could affect MSCs proliferation, migration and cytokines secretion
Ligands, and adhesion molecules play key roles in tissue-specific homing of the leukocytes and have been implicated in trafficking of hematopoietic precursors into the tissues
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) participate to repair of their originated tissues such as bone, cartilage, muscle, tendon, and fat These are supportive cells for the hematopoietic cells production (Friedenstein et al, 1966). According to International Society of Cell Therapy (ISCT) definition Human MSCs attache to the bottom of plastic culture dishes in the normal culture conditions. They are negative for the expression of the surface markers CD105, CD73 and CD90, hematopoietic markers CD45, CD34 and other markers such as CD19, CD79, CD11b, CD14 as well as HLA-DR; and should have been able to differentiate into adipocytes, cartilage and bone in vitro (Keating, 2006). Human and mouse MSCs have been used in the mouse models of spinal cord injury healing as well as damaged heart tissue recovery (Rojas et al, 2005)
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