Abstract
Different surfactants are introduced to study the diameter and morphology transformation characteristics of electrospun nanofiber. Surfactants increase the net charge density and instability motion of charged jet. The instability motion provides a good way to stretch the charged jets into finer ones, by which the beaded structures are also prevented. Ultrafine nanofiber with average diameter less than 65 nm can be fabricated. The nanofiber diameter decreases with the increase of surfactant concentration in polymer solution. The nanofibers with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have the smallest diameter. The cationic surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) plays the best role to prevent the formation of beaded structures in nanofibers, and helps to increase the uniformity of electrospun nanofiber. The effects of surfactants on the nanofiber diameter and morphology have been studied, which would promote the industrial application of ultrafine polymeric nanofibers.
Highlights
Ultrafine polymeric nanofibers have wide application in the fields of micro/nanosystem and flexible electronics
Quick and low cost fabrication are the main aspects for the development and industrial application of ultrafine polymeric nanofibers, which have attracted a lot of attentions in recent years [1, 2]
The conductivity of polymer solution increased from 138 μs/cm to 860 μs/cm, as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant concentration increased from 3.5 × 10−3 mol/L to 3.5 × 10−2 mol/L
Summary
Ultrafine polymeric nanofibers have wide application in the fields of micro/nanosystem and flexible electronics. Quick and low cost fabrication are the main aspects for the development and industrial application of ultrafine polymeric nanofibers, which have attracted a lot of attentions in recent years [1, 2]. Electrospinning has good materials compatibility that meets the development demands of polymeric, flexible, and bio-nano/microsystem. Electrospun nanofiber has extremely high surface area and outstanding mechanical and physical properties, which are suitable for a wide range application fields, such as drug delivery [6, 7], sensing materials [8, 9], catalyze template [10], and ion battery membrane [11, 12]. Decreasing the diameter and promoting the uniformity of electrospun nanofiber are the key roles for their industrial application
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