Abstract
Frictional resistance is an important parameter in orthodontics that influences the effectiveness of archwire-guided tooth movement. Since the consumption of dietary acids has increased considerably over the last 2 decades, there is a rationale for investigating the process of degradation of orthodontic materials in an acidic environment and its effect on clinical efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of simulated erosive conditions on the frictional behavior between the brackets of 3 different materials and 3 different wire alloys. Three types of twin orthodontic brackets (stainless steel (SS), monocrystalline ceramic and titanium) and 3 types of archwires of the same dimension (SS, nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) and beta-titanium (titanium-molybdenum alloy - TMA) were tested in 9 different combinations under simulated erosive and non-erosive conditions (18 groups, n = 10). Bracket-wire specimens in the erosivecondition groups were subjected to a pH cycling regimen with 1% citric acid and artificial saliva for 5 consecutive days. Bracket-wire specimens from the non-erosive-condition groups were incubated only in artificial saliva for 5 days. Static and kinetic friction were determined by measuring the force needed to move the wire through the bracket. A three-way analysis of variance and pairwise comparisons with the Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed. Irrespective of the conditions, SS brackets with SS wire demonstrated significantly lower mean static and kinetic frictional resistance than other bracket-wire combinations (p < 0.01). Ceramic and titanium brackets generated high frictional forces with all 3 types of wire tested. Erosive conditions did not significantly influence static and kinetic frictional resistance in all bracket-wire groups. Erosive conditions do not affect the frictional behavior of SS, Ni-Ti and TMA orthodontic archwires at a clinically significant level.
Highlights
The consumption of dietary acids has increased considerably over the last 2 decades, and is thought to be the main reason for dental erosion.[1]
Frictional resistance is an important parameter in orthodontics that influences the effectiveness of archwire-guided tooth movement
Since the consumption of dietary acids has increased considerably over the last 2 decades, there is a rationale for investigating the process of degradation of orthodontic materials in an acidic environment and its effect on clinical efficiency
Summary
The consumption of dietary acids has increased considerably over the last 2 decades, and is thought to be the main reason for dental erosion.[1] Erosive tooth wear is becoming a growing problem among adolescents and young adults, who make up a major portion of orthodontic patients.[2] This emphasizes the need for investigating the process of degradation of orthodontic materials in an acidic environment both in terms of biocompatibility and clinical efficiency. Since the consumption of dietary acids has increased considerably over the last 2 decades, there is a rationale for investigating the process of degradation of orthodontic materials in an acidic environment and its effect on clinical efficiency
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