The effect of selected antiepileptic drugs on the chromosomes of human lymphocytes in vitro

Abstract

Three anticonvulsive drugs, phensuximide, primidone, and mephenytoin, were studied in tissue culture for effects on the chromosomes of human leukocytes in concentrations of 100.0, 10.0, 1.0, and 0.1 μg per cubic centimeter of culture media. No significant increase in chromosome breaks, gaps, or abnormal forms was noted for any of the drugs studied when compared with control cultures. While these data are reassuring with respect to chromosome damage, it must be pointed out that these drugs may still cause congenital malformations as chromosome damage is but one cause of teratogenesis. The obstetrician is cautioned to use only those drugs during pregnancy which are necessary for the mother's well-being as potential risk must always be considered to be present.