The Effect of Secretome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells on PDGF and IL-1b Gene Expression (Experimental Study on Wistar Rats Hyperglycemic Wound Models)

Abstract

Hyperglycemic wounds take longer to heal, and high glucose results in an increase in inflammatory cells, a decrease in the angiogenesis process, and the production of growth factors. Antibiotic treatment, surgery, or debridement can increase the risk of amputation. This study aimed to determine the effect of administering gel secretome hypoxia mesenchymal stem cells (SH-MSCs) on the expression of PDGF and IL-1b in Wistar rats with a hyperglycemic wound model. In vivo laboratory experimental research with a Post Test Only Control Group Design. The samples consisted of 30 Wistar rats, divided into 5 groups, namely healthy rats (P1), negative control (P2), positive control with gentamicin (P3), gel secretome dose of 20 μL/rat (P4), and gel secretome dose of 40 μL/rat (P5). MSC secretome hypoxia gel treatment for 10 days, then skin tissue samples were examined using the RTq-PCR method to analyze PDGF and IL-1b gene expression. Analysis of PDGF gene expression showed significant differences between treatment groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test with a result of 0.018 (p<0.05), but there were no significant differences between groups using the Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). Analysis of IL-1b gene expression showed significant differences between treatment groups using the Kruskal Wallis test with a result of 0.001 (p<0.05), various doses of secretome gel affected reducing IL-1b gene expression using the Mann Whitney test with a result of 0.004 (p<0, 05). The most significant decrease was at a secretome dose of 40 μL/mouse. MSC secretome hypoxia gel at a dose of 40 μL/rat effectively reduces IL-1b gene expression in Wistar rats with a hyperglycemic wound model. However, various doses of MSC secretome hypoxia gel do not significantly increase PDGF gene expression.